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Battery storage connected to the grid
Home/Leasing/Markets & revenue
Market services

Your battery can
earn while it waits

The grid must stay in balance every second. The operator pays those who hold that balance. This is the part of the offer a battery manufacturer cannot provide — and we're clear about what's live today and what's in preparation.

The problem it solves

Balancing the grid, second by second

The transmission system operator buys reserve in advance — capacity that can raise or lower power within seconds or minutes. A battery is ideal for it because it reacts almost instantly.

Frequency Containment Reserve
FCR
Responds in seconds

First line of defence — symmetric, up and down.

automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve
aFRR
Minutes, automatic

The main product for batteries — procured separately for the positive and negative direction.

manual Frequency Restoration Reserve
mFRR
Manual activation

Slower and cheaper — an additional revenue layer.

Two things get paid

01Reserve capacity — paid per megawatt, simply for being reserved and ready, whether or not it is activated.

02Balancing energy — paid per megawatt-hour, when it is actually activated.

The battery earns even when it does nothing: reserve capacity is income for availability. That is why it is steadier than trading, and why it is valuable.

Aggregation in one picture

Small on its own. A resource together.

No single battery on a hotel or a cold store is large enough to enter the balancing market alone. Aggregation presents many small systems to the operator as one resource.

Hotel120 kWh Cold store261 kWh Logistics522 kWh Camp261 kWh CROSTORION PLATFORM AGGREGATION · 1,164 kWh AS ONE RESOURCE TSOaFRR / mFRR reserve EXCHANGEday-ahead / intraday

The operator sees one unit of a given power. Behind it are ten sites that need know nothing about it.

For the client, nothing changes — the battery still serves the site first. Aggregation uses only what is left free, within contracted limits.

Aggregation is not a grey area — the transmission system operator’s own rules explicitly foresee that balancing services can be provided by grid users or by aggregators. It is a recognised role on every EU market.

What we offer — with status

Every service, and exactly where it stands

Energy is a small industry and an inaccurate claim is settled in the first meeting. A licence grants the right to access the market; prequalification grants the technical ability to provide a service. We separate the two.

Active

Electricity-trading licence

Issued March 2026 by the energy regulator of the market we trade in — HERA, in Croatia. Verifiable in its public register of permits.

Active

Power-exchange access

Direct participation in the day-ahead exchange of the market concerned — CROPEX in Croatia — for our own assets and as an operator for third-party storage.

In progress

Day-ahead & intraday trading

Access exists; the trading book is being built.

In preparation

aFRR

Prequalification with the transmission system operator is under way; the service opens once it is passed.

To confirm

mFRR

The planned first step before aFRR.

In preparation

Portfolio aggregation / VPP

Aggregator certification is a later milestone; the EMS is VPP-ready.

The licence and exchange access are active today. Balancing services and aggregation are in preparation — the table shows exactly where each one stands.

Screens

What the market layer looks like

The forecasting and validation screens behind our day-ahead and balancing activity.

The Forecast Curve screen showing the predicted day-ahead price curve for a delivery day with the selected battery charge and discharge windows marked on it

Forecast Curve — the predicted day-ahead curve with the charge and discharge windows we selected

The Market Validation screen comparing forecast against actual trend, yesterday's forecast against the day-ahead trend, and market pressure component trends

Market Validation — every forecast measured against what the market actually did

The regulatory map

Who does what in the market

Every EU member state has the same four roles under the same European rules, with different names on the doors. The bodies named here are the ones for the market this page is written for; in another country, substitute its regulator, transmission system operator, market operator and power exchange.

RegulatorHERAIssues an electricity-trading licence in this market. Ours is Croatian, from HERA.
TSOHOPSBuys aFRR and mFRR reserve; runs prequalification.
Market operatorHROTERegister of participants, settlement of imbalances.
ExchangeCROPEXDay-ahead and intraday trading.
EU registerCEREMP / ACERRegistration and trade reporting.
Portfolio effect

Every new client is worth more than the last

Ten batteries in a portfolio are worth more than ten times one: the market becomes reachable, delivery risk is spread, a single outage is covered by the others, and mixing seasonal profiles gives a steadier availability curve.

Mixed seasons

An Adriatic camp peaks in summer and sleeps in winter; a cold store runs all year; logistics peaks at night. Together, a steadier curve.

Spread risk

If one system drops out, the others cover it — no missed delivery, no penalty on a single unit.

Compounding value

The only part of the model that strengthens itself over time: each site adds power and reliability to the whole block.

Get started

Start your own project

Tell us about your project and we'll size a system and reply within two business days.